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This provides an efficacious, a non-labor-intensive, and a safe method for vector collection. Here, we present the development of a new method for mosquito collection, the Infoscitex tent, which uses modern tent materials coupled with a novel trap design.
#COST OF TRW STONE WIZARD SKIN#
The gold-standard approach for mosquito collection is that of human landing catch (HLC), in which an individual exposes bare skin to possibly infected vectors. SYLLA, MASSAMBA FOY, BRIAN D.Ĭurrently, there exists a deficit of safe, active trapping methods for the collection of host-seeking Anopheles and other disease-causing arthropod vectors. Nevertheless, it is recommended that the trap and theĭesign and Testing of a Novel, Protective Human-Baited Tent Trap for the Collection of Anthropophilic Disease Vectors However, this protocol is affordable and effective for routine use of the ITT- B under programmatic conditions. Conclusion SRBs exhibited poor sensitivity for both mosquito taxa and are not recommended in this setting. Neither ITT- B nor SRB exhibited any obvious density dependence for sampling the two species. (P = 0.195), presumably because of the low density of the latter. Correlation between the catches with HLC and SRB were observed for Cx. Significant correlations between the numbers caught by HLC and ITT- B were observed for both An. The ITT- B was three- and five-times cheaper than the HLC per mosquito caught for An. as well as 26,315, 13,258 and 4,791 Culex species respectively. The ITT- B, HLC and SRB caught 168, 143 and 46 Anopheles gambiae s.l. Results Overall, the three traps caught 44,848 mosquitoes. Mosquitoes were collected once and three times every week by the HLC and the alternative methods, respectively, in the same time and location. Methods A community-based, mosquito sampling protocol, using the Ifakara tent trap-B (ITT- B) and standardized resting boxes (SRB), was developed and evaluated in terms of the number and sample composition of mosquitoes caught by each, compared to rigorously controlled HLC. Furthermore, it is a very arduous undertaking that requires intense supervision, which is severely limiting in terms of affordability and sustainability. However, the HLC technique raises major ethical concerns because of the necessity to expose humans to vectors of malaria and a variety of other pathogens. The most reliable existing means to measure mosquito density is the human landing catch (HLC). Sikulu, Maggy Govella, Nicodem J Ogoma, Sheila B Mpangile, John Kambi, Said H Kannady, Khadija Chaki, Prosper C Mukabana, Wolfgang R Killeen, Gerry Fīackground Frequent, sensitive and accurate sampling of Anopheles mosquitoes is a prerequisite for effective management of malaria vector control programmes. sibling species (P >or= 0.280) they sampled but both Ifakara A and B designs failed to reduce the proportion of blood-fed mosquitoes caught (Odds ratio = 1.6 and 1.0, P = 0.002 and 0.998, respectivelyĬomparative evaluation of the Ifakara tent trap-B, the standardized resting boxes and the human landing catch for sampling malaria vectors and other mosquitoes in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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However, Ifakara B catches correlated far better to HLC (r2 = 0.73, P or= 0.849) or An. gambiae sensu lato relative to HLC = 0.28, 0.65 and 1.30 for designs A, B and LT in a rural setting and 0.32 for design B in an urban setting).
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The sensitivity of LTs was greater than HLC while the opposite was true of Ifakara tent traps (crude mean catch of An. Their sensitivity for sampling malaria vectors was compared with LT and HLC over a wide range of vector abundances in rural and urban settings in Tanzania, with endophagic and exophagic populations, respectively, using randomised Latin-square and cross- over experimental designs. The Furvela tent, designed in Mozambique, incorporates a CDC Light trap (LT) components, while two others from Ifakara, Tanzania (designs A and B) require no electricity or moving parts. Novel tent traps were developed as alternatives to HLC. HLC is labour intensive, cumbersome, hazardous, and requires such intense supervision that is difficulty to sustain on large scales. In urban Dar es Salaam, human landing catch (HLC) is the only method sufficiently sensitive for monitoring malaria-transmitting Anopheles. Mosquito sampling methods are essential for monitoring and evaluating malaria vector control interventions. Govella, Nicodemus J Chaki, Prosper P Geissbuhler, Yvonne Kannady, Khadija Okumu, Fredros Charlwood, J Derek Anderson, Robert A Killeen, Gerry F
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A new tent trap for sampling exophagic and endophagic members of the Anopheles gambiae complex.